dō- : dǝ-, also dō-u- : dǝu- : du-

    dō- : dǝ-, also dō-u- : dǝu- : du-

    English meaning: to give

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “geben”

    Grammatical information: (perfective) Aoristwurzel with secondary present di-dō-mi.

    Material: O.Ind. dá-dü-ti (Aor. á-dü-m, Opt. dēyüm, Fut. düsyá ti, Aor. Med. ádita = Gk. ἔδοτο, Inf. dámanē : Gk. δόμεναι, compare Lat. daminī “hand over, deliver, give up, render, furnish, pay, surrender”, whether originally infinitive) “gives” (püli. dinna to a present *di-dü- ti), Av. dadüiti ds., O.Pers. Imp. dadütuv “ he should give “; root nouns O.Ind. dǘ [s] ástu “ be a giver “; Infin. dǘ tum (: Lat. Supin. datum); participle ditá-ḥ (uncovered), secondary dattá-ḥ, zero grade in ü-t-tá-ḥ, prá-t-ta-ḥ “devoted”, ablaut. in tvǘ -düta-ḥ “ you gave from “, Av. düta-; to Fut. O.Ind. düsyümi (: Lith. dúosiu) s. Schwyzer Gk. I 78811; Arm. ta-m “dō”, ta-mk” “we hand over, deliver, give up, render, furnish, pay, surrender “ (*dǝ-i̯e-mi), Aor. etu (= á-dü-m, IE *e-dō-m); Gk. δί-δω-μι “give”, Aor. ἔδωκα, Opt. δοίην (*doii̯ēm). Fut. δώσω, Aor. Med. ἐδοτο, participle δοτός, Infin. Hom. δόμεναι and Hom. Thess. etc δόμεν (locative without suffix); Ven. zoto “he/she has handed over, delivered, given up, rendered, furnished “ = Gk. ἔδοτο; zonasto “he/she has given as a present, presented, bestowed, granted, vouchsafed, confered “ maybe from *dōnü-s-to from a denom. *dōnüi̯ ō (*dōno-m : Lat. dōnum); mess. pido (*dō-t : O.Ind. a-düt); Alb. (*dhu̯o-sm̥ ) da-shë Aor. “ I gave “ (*dǝ-sm̥ ); : Alb. subjunctive dhashtë “ let him give “ Lat. dō, düs, dat, důmus (*dǝ-mós), důtis, důnt (secondary fur *dent from *(di)-dṇ-ti), aLat. danunt; dedī, důtum, důre “give, grant, bestow”, refl. “ betake oneself” (düs with ü after stü- for *dō = Lith. duõ, dúo-k [Specht KZ. 55, 182], Gk. Hom. δί-δω-θι); vest. di-de-t “ delivers, gives up, renders, furnishes, pays, surrenders “, päl. di-da “he/ she should deliver, give up, render, furnish, pay, surrender “, Umbr. dirsa, dersa, teřa “ he/ she should deliver, give up, render, furnish, pay, surrender “ (*didüt), teřtu, dirstu, titu “he/ she shall deliver, give up, render, furnish, pay, surrender “ (*di-de-tōd), teřte “he/she has been given” (*di-da-ter), a-teřa-fust “he/she will have handed round “ (*am-de-da-fos-t); Osc. da[da]d “ he/ she should give away, give up, surrender, deliver, consign, yield, abandon, render “ (*düd(-di)-düd), dadid “he/she will have delivered, given up, rendered, furnished, surrendered “ (*düd(-de)-dīd), di-de-st “he/she will hand over, deliver, give up, render, furnish, pay, surrender “, dedet, Umbr. dede “he/she has handed over, delivered, given up, rendered, furnished, surrendered “ (= Lat. dĕ-d-ĭt, old dedet), Umbr. teřust, dirsust “he/she will have handed over, delivered, given up, rendered, furnished, surrendered “ (*dedust), etc; fal. porded “he/she has stretched out, spreaded out, put forth, reached out, extended “ (*por(-de)-ded); redupl. present Ital. *di-dō(?) in Lat. reddō (reddidī, redditum, reddere) “give back” from *re-d(i)-dō (?) is ostensibly themat. rearrangement from *di-dō-mi; other compounds are dēdō, dī-dō, ē-dō, prō-dō, trü-dō and *ven-dō; participle Lat. důtus “bestowed” = falisk. datu “given, delivered, given up, surrendered “, vest. data “ been delivered, given up, surrendered “, päl. datas “ been delivered, given up, surrendered “ (: Gk. δοτός); Supin. datum (: O.Ind. Infin. dǘ tum); here perhaps in spite of WH. I 193 Lat. ce-dō “ go from, give place, remove, withdraw, go away, depart, retire!” pl. cette from *ce-dǝte (: Gk. δότε); Lith. dúomi (nowadays secondary dúodu, Ltv. duôdu, based on neologism to O.Lith. Ipv. duodi from *dō-dhi-, E.Lith. dúomu), 2. sg. dúosi, 3. sg. dúost(i) “gives”, O.Pruss. düst ds., after Koř í nek Listy filol . 65, 445 and Szemeré nyi Et . Slav. Roum. 1, 7 ff. (compare E. Fraenkel Balt Sprachw. 11 f.) not on older reduplication (angebl. *dō-dǝ-mi, Bal.-Slav. *dōdmi, 3. sg. *dō-dǝ-ti, Bal.-Slav. *dōdti > *dōsti), but on an unreduplicated athemat. inflection (*dōmi, pl. *dǝmó s); Lith. dúosti, O.Bulg. dastъ are imitations from Lith. e ́sti “eats” etc, which lie besides Lith. *e ́(d)mi, O.Bulg. jamь (from *ēd-m-), where d would be perceived as suffix of the root; to Fut. Lith. dúosiu see above S. 223. The same would be assumed from O.C.S. damь “ I will give “, 3. pl. dadętь (after jadętь etc); O.C.S. dažda “gift” is an analogical form after *ědja “food, eating”, where d was perceived again a formant. Infin. Lith. dúoti, Ltv. duôt, O.Pruss. düt (*dō-ti-) = O.C.S. dati, Serb. dȁti, Russ. datь. For preterit Lith. daviaũ, Ltv. devu “gave” see under. participle *dō-na- in O.C.S. prě-danъ, Serb. dân, Cz. dán, Clr. dányj “ bestowed”; *dō-tads. in O.Pruss. düts, Lith. dúotas, Ltv. duôts; einzelsprachl. innovations are Serb. dial. dât, Cz. dátū; in addition Lith. duotina “nubile, marriageable”, R.C.S. podatьnъ, Russ. podátnyj “ generous “; Supin. *dōtun “to give” in O.Pruss. daton (Infin.); Lith. dúotų, O.C.S. otъdatъ, Sloven. dat; compare Slav. *datъ-kъ in Sloven. dodâtɛk, Pol. dodatek, Russ. dodátok “bonus, addition”; Hitt. dü- “take”, 1. sg. da-aḫ-ḫi (daḫḫi), 3. sg. da-a-i (düi), would be placed here by Pedersen (Muršilis 68) and Kretschmer (Glotta 19, 207) (“give” - “for give to oneself”- “take”); against it Couvreur Ḫ 206 ff. nominal formation: O.Ind. dǘ tar-, dütá r- “giver”, Gk. δώτωρ, δωτήρ ds., zero grade δοτήρ, δότειρα, Lat. důtor, datrīx. - O.Ind. dütrá -, Av. düϑra- n. “gift”. *dō-tel- in O.C.S. dateljь (*dō-tel-i̯u-) “giver”, Cz. udatel “ bighead “, Russ. dátelь “giver”. O.Ind. *düti- “bestowal, gift” in dǘ ti-vüra- “allotting willingly, generous “, havya-düti- “ procuring the offering, presenting the sacrifice “, Av. düiti- “grant, gift, impartment “, Gk. δῶτις Hes. (and conservative stem *dō-t- in δώς) “gift”, Δωσί-θεος, -φρων, Lat. dōs, -tis “dowry”; Lith. Inf. dúoti: Slav. *datь “gift” (e.g. in O.C.S. blagodatь “χάρις”, Russ. pódatь “tax”), Inf. dati; zero grade O.Ind. díti-ḥ, Gk. δόσις “gift”, Lat. dati-ō, -tiōnis (old *-tīnes) “ the bestowing “ (suffix as in Gk. δωτί̄νη “gift”); with zero gradation in enclitic O.Ind. bhága-tti- “luck bringer”. O.Ind. dǘ na- n. “gift” (substantiviertes -no-participle) = Lat. dōnum, Osc. etc dunum ds. (duunated “he/she has presented, bestowed, granted, vouchsafed, confered “); Welsh dawn ds., O.Ir. dün m. “ gift, present, practical skill, innate quality, nature, temperament (faculty, talent)”, compare Slav. *danъ-kъ in Serb. dának “tribute, tax” etc and den -ni-stem O.C.S. danь “tribute, tax, toll”, Lith. duõnis “gift”; zero grade Alb. dhënë “ bestowed”, f. “gift, tribute, tax”, Gheg dhânë; (*dhu̯on-) Also Alb. (*dhu̯onti) dhunti “ gift, faculty, talent”. Gk. δῶρον “gift” (-ro- in pass. value, compare e.g. clü-ru-s), O.C.S. darъ “gift” (m. as *danъkъ), Arm. tur ds.; Maybe Alb. (*dhu̯onata) dhurata “ gift, faculty, talent “ rhotacism n/r; darsmë, dasmë “wedding” : Lat. dōs, -tis “dowry”; O.Ind. düyá - “giving”, düyá - m. “gift”, aPruss. düian acc. “gift”, Serb. prȍ-daja ‘sale” (etc, Berneker 176). Maybe nasalized Alb. ndanj, shpërndanj (*shprë-ndanj)”allot, give, separate” : Lith. priẽdas “bonus, addition, wage increase”. As 2. composition part O.Ind. -dü- e.g. in aśvadǘ- “ horse giving, horse offering “, Slav. with structure in o-Decl., e.g. Russ. dial. pó-dy pl. “ tributes, taxes “, Serb. prî-d “ Draufgabe beim Tausch “; Lith. priẽdas “bonus, addition, wage increase”. dō̆ -u- lies before in O.Ind. düvá nē “to give” (also perf. dadáu “have bestowed”), Av. düvōi “to give”, Cypr. δυFάνοι “ he may give “, Inf. δοFεναι (about ark. participle ἀπυ-δόας s. Schwyzer Gk. I 745 f.), contracted Hom.-Att. δοῦναι; Lat. duim, duīs etc “I, you should hand over, deliver, give up, render, furnish, pay, surrender”, Fut. II -duō, contain an Aorist-stem *du- from *dou̯-; duim is from Optat. *-dou̯īm originated in compounds (prō-duint from *prō-dou̯int, etc), then also by compounds from *dhē- : per-duim, etc For Ital. optative *dou̯īm probably trod only secondary in Umbr. and Fal. a present *dou̯iō in fal. doviad “ may grant “ (it seems to be reduced in compounds hence Lat. duam etc *doviüm), Umbr. pur-dovitu, pur-tuvitu, -tuetu “ stretch out, spread out, put forth, reach out, extend “, purtuvies “ stretch out, spread out, put forth, reach out, extend “, Umbr. purditom (*-d(o)u̯itom) “ stretched out, spread out, put forth, reached out, extended “, purtiius (*d(o)u̯īus) “you will have stretched out, spread out, put forth, reached out, extended “, purtifile “* stretched out, spread out “, from synkopiertem *por-d[o]u̯ī́- with alteration from du̯ to d; in purdovitu Imper. it was hindered syncope through Indik. *pórdovīt; Lith. daviaũ “ I gave “, dovanà f. “gift”, Ltv. dâvana f. “gift”, iterative dãvât, düvinâ t “offer, give”, O.C.S. -davati “allot” (the pattern forms for the Iterative in -vati). About O.S. twīthōn “grant” etc see under deu-2 “friendly grant”.

    References: WP. I 814 ff., WH. I 266, 360 ff., 371 f., 861, Schwyzer Gk. I 6868, 722, 741, 794, 806 ff., Trautmann 56 ff.